Publications

Center-related Refereed Journal Contributions

  • Ramadan B, Fink W, Nuncio Zuniga A, Kay K, Powers N, Fuhrman C, Hong S (2021) VISTATM: Visual Impairment Subtle Touch AidTM - A range detection and feedback system for sightless navigation; Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology (10 pages); https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2021.1988167
  • Fink W, Brown S, Nuncio Zuniga A, Yang E-H, George T (2019) Conceptual design considerations for a wireless intraocular pressure sensor system for effective glaucoma management; Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology (11 pages); https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2019.1692936
  • Fink W (2019) Editorial for “Special Issue on PHM for Human Health & Performance”; International Journal of Prognostics and Health Management: Vol 10 (Special Issue PHM for Human Health and Performance), pages: 2
  • Popov A, Fink W, Hess A, Tarbell MA (2019) A Paradigm Shift from Telemedicine to Autonomous Human Health and Performance for Long-Duration Space Missions; International Journal of Prognostics and Health Management: Vol 10 (Special Issue PHM for Human Health and Performance) 001, pages: 11
  • Fink W (2018) ”news & views”: Nature-inspired sensors; Nat Nanotechnol. 13(6):437-438. doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0164-5
  • Kovalevskaya M, Milyutkina S, Fink W, Belyi Y, Tereshchenko A (2016) 3D-CTAG Testing of Functional and Structural Changes of the Macula; Adv Ophthalmol Vis Syst 4(2):00103. DOI: 10.15406/aovs.2016.04.00103 (8 pages)
  • Schmid EW, Fink W (2016) Operational Design Considerations for Retinal Prostheses; IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine, 3rd Quarter, pp 31-44
  • Schmid EW, Fink W, Wilke R (2014) Operational Challenges of Retinal Prostheses; Med Eng Phys; 36: 1644-1655
  • Fink W, Tarbell M (2014) Artificial Vision Support System (AVS²) for Improved Prosthetic Vision; Med Eng Tech; 38(8):385-95; DOI: 10.3109/03091902.2014.957869
  • Michalska AM, You CX, Nicolini AM, Ippolito VJ, Fink W (2014) Accessible Webpage Design for the Visually Impaired – A Case Study; Int J Hum Comput Interact, 30:12, 995-1002, DOI: 10.1080/10447318.2014.925771

Center-related Book Contributions

Center-related Conference Contributions

  • Fink W, Brown S, Tarbell MA, Hess A (2021) ORACLE – A Generic PHM Test & Validation Platform for Real Time Anomaly Detection in Sensor Data and for Training of Anomaly Detection Frameworks; Panel Session on “PHM for Space Applications”, IEEE Aerospace Conference 2021, Big Sky, MT, oral presentation
  • Fink W, Ramadan B, Nuncio Zuniga A, Powers N, Kay K, Hong S (2021) VISTATM: Visual Impairment Subtle Touch AidTM; ARVO (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology) 2021 Conference, abstract and poster presentation
  • Fink W, Brown S, Tarbell MA, Hess A (2021) ORACLE - A PHM Test & Validation Platform for Anomaly Detection in Crew Member Vital Sign Data; IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, paper #2603, Big Sky, MT
  • Brown S, Prasad A, Fink W (2020) Inventory of Vital Sign Changes as Indicators of Environmental Changes aboard Space Habitats; IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, paper #2794, Big Sky, MT
  • Poropatich R, Pinsky MR, Clermont G, Guyette F, Salcido D, Weiss L, Dubrawski A, Choset H, Atkeson C, Herman H, Fink W (2019) Robotics Enabled Autonomous And Closed Loop Trauma Care In A Rucksack – TRACIR; 2019 Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), abstract and oral presentation
  • Fink W, Adams, C, Cerwin J (2019) Virtual Reality Based Assessment of Visual and Cognitive Performance of the Warfighter; 2019 Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), abstract and poster presentation
  • Fink W, Cerwin J, Adams C (2019) Virtual Opportunistic Reaction Perimetry (VORP); ARVO (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology) 2019 Conference, abstract and poster presentation
  • Popov A, Fink W, Hess A (2019) “PHM for Astronauts” Project to Run on the International Space Station: the Status and Plan Forward; IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, paper #2863, Big Sky, Montana
  • Fink W (2018) Example R&D Efforts in Support of Long-Term Health & Short-Term Performance Improvement at InTelMed; Panel Session on “PHM for Human Health & Performance”, Annual Conference of the PHM Society 2018, Philadelphia, PA, oral presentation
  • Hess A, Fink W, Popov A (2018) PHM for Human Health & Performance; Annual Conference of the Society for Machinery Failure Prevention Technology (MFPT), May 15-17, 2018, Virginia Beach, VA, oral presentation
  • Fink W, Garcia K, Tarbell M (2018) Wearable High-Speed Pupillometer for Concurrent Binocular Recording and Associated Cloud-based Analysis; ARVO (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology) 2018 Conference, abstract and poster presentation
  • Adams C, Cerwin J, Fink W (2018) Integrated Multi-Parameter Representation of Changes in Visual Field Data Time Series for Threshold Amsler Grid Tests; ARVO (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology) 2018 Conference, abstract and poster presentation
  • Fink W (2018) Smart Ophthalmics© – An Exemplar of Autonomous Healthcare or Tele-Medicine Enabling PHM for Human Health & Performance; Panel Session on “The Evolution of PHM Technologies for Human Health and Performance in Aerospace”, IEEE Aerospace Conference 2018, Big Sky, MT, oral presentation
  • Fink W (2017) Smart Ophthalmics© – An Exemplar of Autonomous Tele-Medicine Enabling PHM for Human Assets; Panel Session on “PHM for Human Assets”, Annual Conference of the PHM Society 2017, St. Petersburg, FL, oral presentation
  • Fink W, Miller J, Garcia K (2017) Making Full Use of the High-Resolution Image Capability of Smartphones to Collect Data through Ophthalmic Devices for Smart Mobile- and Tele-Health; NSF Partnerships For Innovation (PFI) Grantee Conference, June 5-7, Atlanta, GA, poster presentation and pitch competition
  • Fink W, Popov A, Hess A (2017) Autonomous PHM for High Value Human Assets; Annual Conference of the Society for Machinery Failure Prevention Technology (MFPT), May 15-18, 2017, Virginia Beach, VA, abstract and oral presentation
  • Fink W, Cerwin J, Adams C (2017) Novel Display Modalities of Visual Field Loss Progression Over Time for Threshold Amsler Grid Tests; ARVO (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology) 2017 Conference, abstract and poster presentation
  • Fink W (2017) Human-Centered Smart Service Systems for Artificial Vision, Tele-Ophthalmology, and Space Exploration, “Academe Panel I – Human-Centered Technology Enablers,” Invitation-only ISSIP-NSF Workshop: “Industry-Academe research partnerships to enable the human-technology frontier for next generation smarter service systems,” March 29-30, 2017, Silicon Valley, CA, oral presentation
  • Popov A, Fink W, McGregor C, Hess A (2016) PHM for Astronauts: Elaborating and Refining the Concept; IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, paper #2801, Big Sky, Montana
  • Roveda JM, Fink W, Chen K, Wu Wo-Tak (2016) Psychological Health Monitoring for Pilots and Astronauts by Tracking Sleep-Stress-Emotion Changes; IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, paper #2765, Big Sky, Montana
  • Fink W, Garcia K, Tarbell MA (2016) Smartphone-based Head-mounted Binocular High-Speed Pupillometer; ARVO (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology) 2016 Conference, abstract and poster presentation
  • Milyutkina S, Fink W, Kovalevskaya M, Belyi Y, Tereshchenko A (2016) Comparison of 3D Computer-automated Threshold Amsler Grid Testing and Microperimetry in Wet AMD Patients; ARVO (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology) 2016 Conference, abstract and poster presentation
  • Fink W, Garcia K, Tarbell M (2016) Smartphone-based Ophthalmic Examination Devices for Field-deployable Visual Performance Assessment of Warfighters, Veterans, and Civilians; 2016 Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), abstract and poster presentation
  • Roveda JM, Fink W (2016) Modular Low Power Wearable Sensor Design for Continuous Physiological Monitoring Throughout the Continuum of Combat Care; 2016 Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), abstract and poster presentation
  • Fink W, Roveda JM (2016) Spatio-Temporal Model for Infectious Disease Prediction Considering Human Mobility; 2016 Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), abstract and poster presentation
  • Fink W, Garcia K, Tarbell M (2016) Portable Head-mounted High-Speed Binocular Pupillometer for Near Real-time Non-invasive and Objective Assessment of Brain Injuries; 2016 Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), abstract and oral presentation
  • Fink W, Roveda JM (2016) Real-time Dynamic Data Driven System for Stress Management; International InfoSymbiotics/DDDAS Conference, Hartford, CT, abstract and oral presentation
  • Fink W, Popov A, Hess A (2016) PHM for Astronauts - A New Application; Special Panel on “PHM for Human Assets,” Annual Conference of the PHM Society 2016, Denver, CO, oral presentation
  • Popov A, Fink W, Hess A (2016) Prognostics and health management (PHM) for astronauts: a collaboration project on the International Space Station; Proc. SPIE 9836, Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII, 98360Y (May 17, 2016); doi:10.1117/12.2222070 (invited paper)
  • Adams C, Cerwin J, Fink W (2016) Ceeable Visual Field Analyzer (CVFA) for the Portable, Comprehensive, and Tele-medical Assessment of Visual Performance over Time in Warfighters, Pilots, Veterans, and Civilians; Proc. SPIE 9836, Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII, 98360X (May 17, 2016); doi:10.1117/12.2224177 (invited paper)
  • Roveda JM, Fink W (2016) System Perspectives for Mobile Platform Design in M-Health; Proc. SPIE 9836, Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII, 983610 (May 17, 2016); doi:10.1117/12.2219645 (invited paper)
  • Fink W, Tarbell MA, Garcia K (2016) Smart Ophthalmics: the future in Tele-Ophthalmology has arrived; Proc. SPIE 9836, Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII, 98360W (May 17, 2016); doi:10.1117/12.2220371 (invited paper)
  • Fink W, Tarbell MA (2015) Smart Ophthalmics: A Smart Service Platform for Tele-Ophthalmology; ARVO (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology) 2015 Conference, abstract and poster presentation
  • Fink W, Adams, C, Cerwin J (2015) Portable, Comprehensive, Tele-medical Assessment of Visual Performance in Warfighters, Veterans, and Civilians; 2015 Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), abstract and poster presentation
  • Fink W, Roveda JM (2015) Environmental Impact of Infectious Disease Propagation; 2015 Defense Energy Innovation Summit, abstract and poster presentation
  • Roveda J, Fink W (2015) Stress Management Using Wearable Sensors Using Integrated Data Information; 2015 Defense Energy Innovation Summit, abstract and poster presentation
  • Chen K, Fink W, Lane R, Allen J, Vanuk J, and Roveda JM (2015) Wearable Sensor Based Stress Management Using Integrated Respiratory and ECG Waveforms; IEEE International Conference on Body Sensor Network Conf. Proc., Boston, MA, June 9-11, 2015
  • Chen K, Fink W, Lane R, Allen J, Vanuk J and Roveda JM (2015) Identify Invariant Patterns in ECG and Respiratory Waveforms; Invited Talk for Biomedical Engineering Conference 2015 by Omics International group, April 28-30, Philadelphia, PA; abstract and oral presentation
  • Fink W, Tarbell M (2015) Smart Ophthalmics: An Innovation Platform for Smart Mobile- and Tele-Health; 2015 Defense Energy Innovation Summit, abstract and poster presentation
  • Fink W, Cerwin J, Adams C (2015) Ceeable Visual Field Analyzer (CVFA); 2015 Defense Energy Innovation Summit, abstract and oral presentation
  • Fink W, Popov A, Hess A (2014) Planning a Pilot Project on the ISS for Crew Health Management & Maintenance Beyond LEO; IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, paper #2680, Big Sky, Montana
  • Fink W, Hilmers DC, Tarbell MA (2014) Portable System to Monitor Astronaut Ocular Health and the Development of the VIIP Syndrome; IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, paper #2657, Big Sky, Montana

Center-related Invited Lectures, Seminars, and Colloquia

  • Fink W (13 Apr 2021) Biomedical R&D in the Visual and Autonomous Exploration Systems Research Laboratory; invited guest lecture for MedE 205: “New Frontiers in Medical Technologies” class in Medical Engineering at Caltech (Dr. Shouleh Nikzad)
  • Fink W (21 Apr 2020) Biomedical R&D in the Visual and Autonomous Exploration Systems Research Laboratory; invited guest lecture for MedE 205: “New Frontiers in Medical Technologies” class in Medical Engineering at Caltech (Dr. Shouleh Nikzad)
  • Fink W (15 Feb 2020) To See Or Not To See: Healthcare-centered Smart Service Systems Development at the Visual and Autonomous Exploration Systems Research Laboratory; invited talk at the "Can Chronic Diseases Be Reversed?" Symposium organized by Shalesh Kaushal MD, PhD, Comprehensive Retina Consultants, February 14-15, 2020 at the Innisbrook Golf & Spa Resort, Palm Harbor, FL
  • Fink W (11 Feb 2020) The Science of Star Wars: Star Wars Technology Comes to Life in Autonomous Robotics to Artificial Vision; invited talk at the Foothills Forum, Tucson
  • Fink W (28 Oct 2019) To See Or Not To See: Healthcare-centered smart service systems development at the Visual and Autonomous Exploration Systems Research Laboratory; invited talk at the School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering; Arizona State University
  • Fink W (22 Apr 2019) Biomedical R&D in the Visual and Autonomous Exploration Systems Research Laboratory; invited guest lecture for MedE 205: “New Frontiers in Medical Technologies” class in Medical Engineering at Caltech (Dr. Shouleh Nikzad)
  • Fink W (29 Mar 2019) Stochastic Optimization Framework (SOF) for Computer-Optimized Design, Engineering, and Performance of Multi-Dimensional Systems and Processes; invited talk at the Greer Group in Materials Science, Mechanics, and Medical Engineering at Caltech
  • Fink W (23 Mar 2019) The Science of Star Wars: A 40+ Years Technological Tour de Force; invited talk at the Chandler Sunset Library
  • Fink W (11 Jan 2019) The Science of Star Wars: A 40+ Years Technological Tour de Force; invited talk at the Arizona Inn organized by the Yale Club Tucson
  • Fink W (28 Nov 2018) R&D in the Visual and Autonomous Exploration Systems Research Laboratory; invited special seminar at the Center for Applied Nanobioscience & Medicine, College of Medicine, Phoenix, University of Arizona
  • Fink W (13 Sep 2018) Neuro-Prosthetics, Neural Signal Processing, and Modeling; invited Neuroscience and Cognitive Science (NSCS) Research Blitz, University of Arizona
  • Fink W (14 Dec 2017) The Blind Spot – To See or Not to See… (Der Blinde Fleck – Sehen oder Nichtsehen, das ist hier die Frage…); benefit talk and piano recital in support of the Walter-Adlhoch-Haus for the homeless in Limburg, co-organized by the Caritas, the Chamber of Commerce, and the Pianohaus Demmer in Limburg, Germany [Note: 4,100.00 Euro were raised]
  • Fink W (25 Sep 2017) Biomedical Engineering - the Real Deal: R&D in the Visual and Autonomous Exploration Systems Research Laboratory; invited talk at the GIDP and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Arizona
  • Fink W (03 Jan 2017) The Science of Star Wars – Technologische Umsetzung seit 40 Jahren; benefit talk organized by the Lions-Club-Diez, Wilhelm von Nassau – Hotel & Restaurant, Diez, Germany
  • Fink W (15 Nov 2016) The Science of Star Wars; invited talk as part of Downtown Science Cafe @ Magpie's Gourmet Pizza, organized by the University of Arizona College of Science, Tucson, AZ
  • Fink W (2 Oct 2016) The Pupil: A Gateway to the Brain; invited speaker at the “Okularfest 2016” at Caltech, Pasadena, CA
  • Fink W (14 Apr 2016) To See or Not to See…; invited talk at Splendido (Continuing Care Retirement Community), Oro Valley, AZ
  • Fink W (6 Apr 2016) Novel electric stimulation paradigm for artificial vision implants; invited talk at the NeuroTech San Francisco 2016 Conference, San Francisco, April 5-6, 2016
  • Fink W (12 Nov 2015) Smart Service Systems for Artificial Vision, Tele-Ophthalmology, and Space Exploration; invited talk at the School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University
  • Fink W (4 Oct 2015) Smart Ophthalmics: An Innovative Platform for Smart Mobile- and Tele-Health; invited speaker at the “Okularfest 2015” at Caltech, Pasadena, CA
  • Fink W (6 Mar 2015) 3D Visual Field Test as a Prime Example of Tele-Ophthalmology on Earth and in Space; invited speaker at the 12th Annual World Congress of the Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics, Los Angeles
  • Fink W (21 Nov 2014) Making Full Use of the High-Resolution Image Capability of Smartphones to Collect Data through Ophthalmic Devices for Smart Mobile- and Tele-Health; invited poster presentation at the invitation-only MIT-NSF Workshop: “Smarter Service Systems through Innovation Partnerships and Transdisciplinary Research,” Cambridge, MA
  • Fink W (18 Nov 2014) Worldwide-accessible Comprehensive Visual Field Test & Diagnosis System & Smartphone-based Ophthalmic Examination Devices; invited talk and participation on the Telemedicine Pioneers Panel at the Western Pennsylvania Healthcare Summit, Cranberry Township, PA
  • Fink W (5 Oct 2014) Visualization of Optical Eye Defects; invited speaker at the “Okularfest 2014” at Caltech, Pasadena, CA

Center-related Patents (selected)

  • U.S. 11,766,182: "Systems and methods for real-time signal processing and fitting"
    Various examples of methods and systems are provided for real-time signal processing. In one example, a method for processing data to select a pattern includes receiving data via a sensor, evaluating the data including waveforms over a time domain, averaging the waveforms to obtain a mean waveform, selecting a pattern based on the mean waveform, and generating a notification regarding the selected pattern. The pattern can include a start time, a hold time, and an end time. In another example, a system includes one or more sensors that detect the data and a mobile platform that evaluates the data, averages the waveforms to obtain the mean waveform and selects a pattern based on the mean waveform. A user interface can be used to communicate the notification regarding the selected pattern. The patterns can include breathing patterns, which can be used to reduce stress in a subject being monitored by the sensor.
  • U.S. 11,737,667: "Nanowired ultra-capacitor based power sources for implantable sensors and devices"
    Various examples related to power sources for implantable sensors and/or devices are provided. In one example, a device for implantation in a subject includes circuitry for sensing an observable parameter of the subject and a power source comprising a nanowired ultra-capacitor (NUC), the power source having a volume of 10 mmor less. The NUC can have a surface capacitance density in a range from about 25 mF/cmto about 29 mF/cmor greater. Such devices can be used for, e.g., ocular diagnostic sensors or other implantable sensors that may be constrained by size limitations.
  • U.S. 11,684,256: "Eye movement in response to visual stimuli for assessment of ophthalmic and neurological conditions"
    The present invention generally relates to apparatus, software and methods for assessing ocular, ophthalmic, neurological, physiological, psychological and/or behavioral conditions. As disclosed herein, the conditions are assessed using eye-tracking technology that beneficially eliminates the need for a subject to fixate and maintain focus during testing or to produce a secondary (non-optical) physical movement or audible response, i.e., feedback. The subject is only required to look at a series of individual visual stimuli, which is generally an involuntary reaction. The reduced need for cognitive and/or physical involvement of a subject allows the present modalities to achieve greater accuracy, due to reduced human error, and to be used with a wide variety of subjects, including small children, patients with physical disabilities or injuries, patients with diminished mental capacity, elderly patients, animals, etc.
  • U.S. 10,842,373: "Smartphone-based handheld ophthalmic examination devices"
    Various examples of methods, systems and devices are provided for ophthalmic examination. In one example, a handheld system includes an optical imaging assembly coupled to a user device that includes a camera aligned with optics of the optical imaging assembly. The user device can obtain ocular imaging data of at least a portion of an eye via the optics of the optical imaging assembly and provide ophthalmic evaluation results based at least in part upon the ocular imaging data. In another example, a method includes receiving ocular imaging data of at least a portion of an eye; analyzing the ocular imaging data to determine at least one ophthalmic characteristic of the eye; and determining a condition based at least in part upon the at least one ophthalmic characteristic.
  • C.N. 107169526B: "Method for automatic feature analysis, comparison and anomaly detection"
    The application relates to a method of automatic feature analysis, comparison and anomaly detection. Novel methods and systems for automated data analysis are disclosed. The data may be automatically analyzed to determine features in different applications such as visual field analysis and comparison. Anomalies between groups of objects can be detected by clustering of objects.
  • J.P. 6,577,607: "Automatic feature analysis, comparison, and anomaly detection"
    Novel methods and systems for automated data analysis are disclosed. Data can be automatically analyzed to determine features in different applications, such as visual field analysis and comparisons. Anomalies between groups of objects may be detected through clustering of objects.
  • U.S. 10,265,529: "Apparatus for electrical stimulation of cell and method of use"
    This invention provides an apparatus for electrically stimulating a cell and a method for using the same. In particular, the apparatus of the invention comprises an array of electrodes and a controller for actuating individual electrodes.
  • J.P. 6,272,892: "Automatic feature analysis, comparison, and anomaly detection"
    Novel methods and systems for automated data analysis are disclosed. Data can be automatically analyzed to determine features in different applications, such as visual field analysis and comparisons. Anomalies between groups of objects may be detected through clustering of objects.
  • U.S. 9,867,988: "Apparatus for electrical stimulation of cell and method of use"
    This invention provides an apparatus for electrically stimulating a cell and a method for using the same. In particular, the apparatus of the invention comprises an array of electrodes and a controller for actuating individual electrodes.
  • C.N. 104769578B: "The method of automated feature analysis, comparison and abnormality detection"
    Discloses a new method and system for automated data analysis. It may automatically analyze the data to determine the characteristics of different applications, such as in the field of view of the analysis and comparison. Exception between groups of objects can be detected by the clustering of objects.
  • U.S. 9,424,489: "Automated feature analysis, comparison, and anomaly detection"
    Novel methods and systems for automated data analysis are disclosed. Data can be automatically analyzed to determine features in different applications, such as visual field analysis and comparisons. Anomalies between groups of objects may be detected through clustering of objects.
  • M.X. 339790: "Automated feature analysis, comparison, and anomaly detection"
    Novel methods and systems for automated data analysis are disclosed. Data can be automatically analyzed to determine features in different applications, such as visual field analysis and comparisons. Anomalies between groups of objects may be detected through clustering of objects.
  • U.S. 9,122,956: "Automated feature analysis, comparison, and anomaly detection"
    Novel methods and systems for automated data analysis are disclosed. Data can be automatically analyzed to determine features in different applications, such as visual field analysis and comparisons. Anomalies between groups of objects may be detected through clustering of objects.
  • U.S. 8,260,428: "Method and system for training a visual prosthesis"
    A method for training a visual prosthesis includes presenting a non-visual reference stimulus corresponding to a reference image to a visual prosthesis patient. Training data sets are generated by presenting a series of stimulation patterns to the patient through the visual prosthesis. Each stimulation pattern in the series is determined at least in part on a received user perception input and a fitness function optimization algorithm. The presented stimulation patterns and the user perception inputs are stored and presented to a neural network off-line to determine a vision solution.
  • U.S. 7,321,796: "Method and system for training a visual prosthesis"
    A method for training a visual prosthesis includes presenting a non-visual reference stimulus corresponding to a reference image to a visual prosthesis patient. Training data sets are generated by presenting a series of stimulation patterns to the patient through the visual prosthesis. Each stimulation pattern in the series is determined at least in part on a received user perception input and a fitness function optimization algorithm. The presented stimulation patterns and the user perception inputs are stored and presented to a neural network off-line to determine a vision solution.
  • U.S. 7,131,945: "Optically powered and optically data-transmitting wireless intraocular pressure sensor device"
    An implantable intraocular pressure sensor device for detecting excessive intraocular pressure above a predetermined threshold pressure is disclosed. The device includes a pressure switch that is sized and configured to be placed in an eye, wherein said pressure switch is activated when the intraocular pressure is higher than the predetermined threshold pressure. The device is optically powered and transmits data wirelessly using optical energy. In one embodiment, the pressure sensor device is a micro electromechanical system.